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在留資格的取消
2013.08.20

在留資格的取消

1,所謂「在留資格的取消」是指取消外國人之在留資格的制度。若符合以下情形,則取消在留資格:

(1) 通過捏造及其他不正當手段取得登陸許可的證明印章;

(2)一定期間內未從事符合原本在留資格之活動卻在留日本等。

2,關於在留資格的取消,規定於《入管法》第22條之4第1項,法務大臣一旦查實有以下各號列舉的事實可立即取消外國人現有的在留資格。

(1)通過捏造及其他不正當手段誤導入境檢查官對是否符合拒絕登陸理由做出判斷從而獲得登陸許可證明。

(2)通過捏造及其他不正當手段編造欲在我國從事的活動而獲得登陸許可證明。

例如,欲在我國從事簡單勞動的人員以從事符合「技術」逗留資格的活動為名義進行申報時則被視為在留資格取消對象。

(3) 申請人通過捏造欲在日本所從事的活動以外的事實而獲得登陸許可證明。比如,申請人編造自身經歷時根據本號規定被視為在留資格取消對象。

(4)除了符合1~3的情況外,提交偽造檔獲得登陸許可證明印章也被視為在留資格取消對象。在本號中,申請者是否使用了偽造及其他不正當手段或是否屬於蓄意都不屬於必要條件。

(5) 通過捏造及其他不正當手段取得在留特別許可時。

(6)具有《入管法》附表第1上欄的在留資格(注)的人士,連續三個月以上沒有從事符合其在留資格的活動時(但是,如果有正當理由說明不從事該活動而在留的原因時除外)。

(7)具有「日本人的配偶等」資格之在留者(日本人的子女及特別養子除外)或「永住者的配偶等」資格之在留者(永住者的子女除外),連續六個月以上未從事符合其配偶身份之活動時(但是,如果有正當理由說明不從事該活動而在留的原因時除外)。

(8) 通過登陸許可或在留資格之變更許可等,重新成為中長期在留者,於取得許可之90天以內,未向法務大臣提出居住地申報時(但是,如果有正當理由說明不申報的原因時除外)。

(9)中長期逗留者自向法務大臣提出申報的居住地搬離日起90天以內,未向法務大臣提出新的居住地申報時(但是,如果有正當理由說明不申報的原因時除外)。

(10)中長期逗留者向法務大臣申報不實的居住地時。

3,欲取消在留資格時,入境審查官須聽取在留資格將被取消的外國人的意見,該外國人得以於審查官聽取意見時陳述意見,並提出證據,或要求閱覽資料。

4,外國人於在留資格遭到取消,並符合上述1之(1)或(2)之條件時,立即成為強制遣返的對象。

另一方面,符合上述1之(3)~(10)之條件時,該外國人得以30日為上限,指定延期離境所需時間,在此期間許可其自由離境。

若在指定期間未離境,則會被視為強制遣返和刑事處罰的對象。

 

平成25年8月3日《新華時報》に「在留資格的取消」という記事を掲載しました。

 

 

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外國人的強制遣返和離境命令・收容、會見/探視、保釋
2013.08.02

外國人的強制遣返和離境命令・收容、會見/探視、保釋

(1)收容

經過違規調查如有理由懷疑嫌疑人符合強制遣返的條件,地方入境管理局的主任審查官發放《收容命令書》後將嫌疑人收容。但是,有足夠理由認為嫌疑人符合勒令離境對象的條件除外。[有關收容所及設施請點擊這裡]

 

(2)會見/探視

與依照《收容命令書》或《強制遣返命令書》而被入境人員收容所、地方入管局的收容所收容的外國人(以下稱「被收容者」。)會見時的手續、探視時的留意事項等會有相關說明。但是由於收容所其設施的實際情況不同,有時也會出現接待時間上的不同。因此有關詳細情況請務必向各收容點確認。

○會見指南

1 要求會見被收容者或進行遞交物品的人士請於接待處提出申請並辦理必要的手續。

2 要求會見的人士請出示外國人登記證明、護照或其他證明身份的檔。

3 會見接待除週六、週日外,原則上開放時間從上午9點-12點,下午13點-15點。由於各收容設施可能有所不同,請向各收容設施確認。

4 原則上會見時間限於30分鐘以內。但是,要求會見的人士很多時,為了更多的人士能夠參加會見,有時會縮短每位人士的會見時間,請予以諒解。

5 會見時請勿攜帶或使用照相機、攝像機,錄音機及手機。

○會見者須知

1 嚴格遵守會見時間。

2 不得擅自和主管官員進行物品的收受。

3 不得使用暗號、隱語等。也不得通過其他方法採取行動試圖合謀。

4 此外,一切服從主管官員的指示。

如違反以上專案,則中止會見

○探視時的注意事項

原則上,符合以下條件的物品不得帶入收容所的居室。

此外,基於安全或衛生上的考慮會拒絕某些飲料和食品。關於探視具體情況請向各收容點確認。

1 刀具及其他可能被用作凶器、逃跑工具的金屬製品、玻璃製品及繩子等

2 引火器材、引火物及其他可能引起火災的物品。

3 毒藥、安眠藥、鎮靜劑及其他可能危害生命和健康的藥品。

4 酒類及其他含有酒精的飲料和食品

(3)保釋

保釋是根據被收容者的請求或職權暫時停止收容,臨時解除其身體的束縛的一種措施。

收容命令書》規定的收容期限為「30日以內(但是,如果主任審查官認為有不得已的情形時可以延長,但不超過30天)」,《強制遣返命令書》規定收容的期限為「到能夠遣返時為止」但是,由於被收容者的健康原因有時必需解除其身體束縛以便於進行離境準備,這項制度針對這一情形而設立的。

此外,保釋手續如下:

1    請求保釋

○    可以要求保釋的人員

按規定須為被收容者本人、其代理人、監護人、配偶、直系親屬或其兄弟姐妹。

○    保釋申請地點

被收容在入境人員收容所時可向該收容所所長提出申請;此外,如被收容在地方入境管理局的收容所內則可向管轄該收容所的地方入境管理局的主任審查官提出申請。

此外,在請求保釋時,如保釋被批准,則必須選定身份擔保人,以便對處於保釋狀態的被保釋人員接受身份保證及遵守法令等進行指導。

○    檔的提交

除提交一份保釋許可申請書外,還需提交證明請求保釋理由的材料、有關身份保證人的材料。詳細情況請咨詢受理保釋請求的入境人員收容所或地方入境管理局。

 

2    保釋批准

在接到保釋請求後入境人員收容所所長或主任審查官考慮被收容者的情況、請求保釋的理由和證明及該人的性格、資產等,然後決定是否可以保釋該人員。

按照規定,入境人員收容所所長或主任審查官在批准保釋時要求該人員繳納300萬日元以下的保證金,並附有居住、行動範圍限制、傳喚到場的義務及其他認為必要的條件。

此外,關於保證金,僅限於在入境人員收容所所長或主任審查官認為適當時可以允許被收容人員以外的人員提交保證書來代替保證金。保證書中必須記錄有保證金額及隨時支付保證金額的說明。

3    保釋的取消

○    取消事由

獲得保釋許可的外國人如果:1逃亡;2或有足夠理由被懷疑有逃亡企圖;3無正當理由卻不回應傳喚;4違反保釋附加條件時,入境人員收容所所長或主任審查官可取消保釋。

○    收容

保釋被取消後,依據《收容命令書》或《強制遣返命令書》的規定,先前被保釋的人員將再次被收容到入境人員收容所、地方入境管理局的收容所及法務大臣或接受法務大臣委任的主任審查官所指定的場所。

○    保證金的沒收

保釋被取消後,被保釋時繳納的保證金會被沒收。沒收分為全部沒收和部分沒收。如取消保釋的理由為上述的1或3則全額沒收保證金;如為其他理由則沒收部分保證金。部分沒收時的金額則根據情況由入境人員收容所所長或主任審查官決定。

4    其他

根據《強制遣返命令書》的規定,被收容人員如在保釋期間自費離境或附帶期限的保釋期期滿後再度被收容時則不屬於保釋取消,保證金全額退還。

 

平成25年7月27日《新華時報》に「外國人的強制遣返和離境命令・收容、會見/探視、保釋」という記事を掲載しました。

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在留资格变更、在留期间更新许可
2013.08.02

在留资格变更、在留期间更新许可

在留资格的变更及在留期间的更新,依据出入国管理及难民认定法,仅限具备相当于法务大臣认为恰当的足够理由时给予许可,而是否具备该相当理由的判断完全由法务大臣自由裁量,同时综合酌量申请人拟从事的活动、在留的状况以及在留的必要性等,在判断之际,将考虑以下事项。

但是,在以下事项当中,1的在留资格符合性是许可之际的必要条件。同时,2的上陆许可基准原则上需要符合。3及其以下事项是判断是否具备恰当的足够理由之际的代表性考虑要素,即使符合所有这些事项,亦可能在综合考虑各种情况后对变更或更新不予许可。此外,为了促进加入社会保险,自2010年4月1日起,申请时需要在窗口出示保险证。

1 拟从事的活动应符合与申请相关的入管法附表所载在留资格

作为申请人的外国人士拟从事的活动,对于入管法第一附表所载在留资格,应属于该表下栏所载活动,对于入管法第二附表所载在留资格,应属于该表下栏所载身份或地位持有者的活动。

2 拟从事入管法第一附表的表2或表4所载在留资格的下栏所载活动,或表5的特定活动一项的下栏(仅限于有关B的部分)所载活动者,原则上应符合法务省令规定的上陆许可基准法务省令规定的上陆许可基准是外国人士进入日本国境之际的上陆审查基准,但是,即使在变更在留资格和更新在留期间之际,原则上也要求符合上陆许可基准。

3 品行良好

品行以善良为前提,如果品行不良则被评价为消极要素,具体而言,如果曾经受到可作为强制出境事由的刑事处分,或曾经从事诸如非法就劳中介等出入境管理行政上必须追究的行为,则可能被判断为品行不良。

4 拥有足以维持独立生活的资产或技能关于申请人的生活状况,要求在日常生活中不成为公共负担,并且从其拥有的资产或技能等来看预计会在将来过上稳定生活(只要能以家庭为单位获得认可即可。),但是,即使成为公共负担,在被认为应允许其在留的人道上理由时,也应充分酌量其理由做出判断。

5 雇用与劳动条件合理

如果正在或拟在日本就业,包含打工在内,其雇用与劳动条件须符合劳动相关法规。另外,但判明曾因违反劳动相关法规而被实施劝告等时,通常作为申请人的外国人士没有责任,因此,将充分酌量该点进行判断。

6 履行纳税义务

如果负有纳税义务,则需履行该纳税义务,如不履行纳税义务,则将被评价为消极要素。例如,如因不履行纳税义务而受刑,将被判断为不履行纳税义务。另外,即使未曾获刑,在判明未缴纳高额税款或长期未纳税等时,也将作为恶性事件做同样处理。

7 履行入管法规定的申报等义务

具有入管法上的在留资格且中长期在留于日本的外国人士,须履行入管法第19条

之7至第19条之13、第19条之15以及第19条之16规定的义务,例如在留卡记载事项的相关申报、在留卡的有效期间更新申请、因丢失等导致的在留卡补发申请、在留卡的返还、所属机构等的相关申报等。

<中长期在留者的范围>

具有入管法上在留资格、中长期在留于日本且不符合以下①~⑤中任何一项的外国人士。

① 被决定为“3个月”以下在留期限者

② 被决定为“短期逗留” 在留资格者

③ 被决定为“外交”或“公务” 在留资格者

④ 法务省令规定的相当于①~③的外国人士者

⑤ 特别永住者

 

平成25年7月20日《新華時報》に「在留资格变更、在留期间更新许可」という記事を掲載しました。

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